Essay about Review of Snake by D.H. Lawrence - 1482 Words

Review of Snake by D.H. Lawrence Vocabualry: *Carob-tree: a red flowered tree originally in the Mediterranean area. * pitcher : tall, round container with an open top and large handle. * flickered: moved * mused : think about * bowel: bottom of earth * perversity: offensive * log: tree trunk * clatter: v. loud sound of hard things hitting * convulsed : violent movement * writhed: to twist and turn in great pain * paltry: worthless Background : D.H. Lawrence belongs to the 20th Century. He was interested in the idea of contrasts. Most of his writings deal with the conflict between opposities such as instinct and artificiality apects of modern life,†¦show more content†¦The voice of the speaker s education is considered the voice of the reason of human civilization while that of his soul is that which glorifies Nature. Therefore, the relationship between Man and Nature is clearly traced here , where the voice of nature is represented through the image of the snake and the albatross for both are associated with nature while the speaker here is associated with human culture , with industry which according to the poet abused human life. Analysis: - The first five stanzas establish the scene and provide the occasion for the poets initial, sensual description of the snake. The poem begins on a hot hot day, there is nothing special about this day except the appearance of that snake. The poet shows that the behaviour of this snake is very natural. He is there to drink. Lawrence describes this snake as his equal both of them came To drink there (3). The Poet uses personification to make us sympathize with the snake. The poet has to wait for the snake to finish drinking and this shows how he respects the snake and appreciates him because he is part of the nature. * ThereShow MoreRelated D.H. Lawrence Essay943 Words   |  4 Pagesa peaceful simple people.  Ã‚  D.H. Lawrence found this culture a wonder, and he portrays it in â€Å"Mornings in Mexico.†Ã‚  Ã‚  D.H. traveled all around the world and found that New Mexico was his favorite place.  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Mornings in Mexico† by David Herbert Lawrence reflects upon the culture, religion, and other â€Å"white† influences over the people that the work portrays. David Herbert Lawrence was born on September 11th, 1885.  Ã‚  He was the fourth child and he had two older brothers.  Ã‚  D.H. was always second to his olderRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesundergraduates following business studies programmes) âž ¡ Students of The Chartered Institute of Marketing who are preparing for the Marketing Planning paper in the CIM’s Diploma examinations âž ¡ Marketing practitioners who will benefit from a comprehensive review of current thinking in the field of strategic marketing planning, implementation and control. Richard M S Wilson Colin Gilligan Overview of the book’s structure 1 Introduction Stage One Where are we now? Strategic and marketing analysis

Improving the Sales of a Retail Store Free Essays

This paper aims to apply the retail elements discussed in the book of Paco Underhill, â€Å"Why We Buy†. As discussed in the book, improving the state of certain but key retail elements of the store will likely improve its sales performance. For this study, the proponent opted to study the prospects of improving the retail elements of the Starbucks Coffeeshop located at 62 Boylston, Boston, Massachusetts and subsequently, the store’s sales performance. We will write a custom essay sample on Improving the Sales of a Retail Store or any similar topic only for you Order Now I. THE STORE – The proponent chose the Starbucks Coffee Shop located at 62 Boylston, Boston, Massachusetts for this study. It is a very small establishment that provides that rustic makeshift feel typical of Boston. While the coffee shop is successful in blending with the building that houses it and appears to have tapped a substantial percentage of foot traffic to keep it afloat, the proponent believes that it can do more once improvements are implemented to it. These improvements will be discussed in detail and will be conveyed after reviewing key retail elements. 1. Facade – As mentioned earlier by the proponent, the establishment blended well with the building’s color scheme and all with only the logo to distinguish it from afar. If one is new in the area and happens to pass this route to the office, chances are, the establishment will not register as on of Starbuck’s stores unless one looks up and sees the logo. 2. Layout– In general, the interior follows a typical Starbucks coffee shop with varying seat arrangements ranging from a 2-seater coffee table to bar tables on the glass panel provided with stools to suit to the dining preference of its customers. Similarly, the tables and chairs are arranged in such a way to allow a free flowing process for the customer, i. e. , from the time one enters the store, to approaching the counter, then dining until the customer heads for the exit. The interior painting provides a warm and homey feel enticing customers to stay a little longer. . Display – Inside the store, you will see the usual Starbucks merchandising showing their valued coffee beans, thermo mugs, coffee press and music cds to name a few. In front of the counter, one gets enticed to indulge in a sweet spree with all the pastries the store has to offer. The window panels while bare and boring from afar, allows passersby to get a glimpse of what is happening inside and what is in store for them and the proponent believes that this is the how Starbucks wanted it. . Value Added Amenities – The store provides its customers with mild pipe in music that stimulates an engaging conversation with friends. In addition, the store provides wireless fidelity connection to give customers access to the internet. 5. Customer – While the regular Bostonian walks to and fro school or work, most come from old rich descent. Life in Boston is a bit laid back compared to other areas in the United States making the theme of the store under study suitable for them. II. THE PROPOSAL – In reviewing the Starbuck’s store, the proponent attempts to apply the following retails points crucial in improving the sales performance of an establishment. These elements are: 1) A reason to return; 2) Interception Rate; 3) Display windows; 4a) Touch, trial, or other sensory stimuli; 4b) Immediate gratification; 4c) Social interaction; 5) Adjacencies and 6) Design, merchandising and operations (Underhill 2000). As the proponent conducts the analysis certain areas for improvement will be identified in the process. Among these areas, the proponent believes that application of certain modification on the stores design, i. e. , facade, and initiating activities that will enhance social interaction will not only increase the occurrence of repeat customers but will also enable them to tap other target markets. These two areas are discussed in detail below: 1. Design – Obviously, the operator of the Starbucks coffee at 62 Boylston, Boston, Massachusetts tried to blend in with the overall color and theme of the building, unfortunately, certain marketing concepts have been sacrificed in doing so. For instance, while people passing within the proximity of the coffee shop will likely identify it immediately, people from afar will most likely miss it not to mention if these people are new or are just visiting the area. The proponent also suggests that applying a contrasting color scheme will not only help increase the visibility of the store but as a matter of fact, will improve the appearance of the building en banc. 2. Social Interaction – Another avenue for sales improvement is in initiating activities that will enhance group meetings or social interaction in the store. To note, the baseline sales of the store is more or less dependent on the number of seats occupied. Oftentimes, the seating capacity of the store will be underutilized due to customers who would be dining alone. By initiating activities or promotions like group discounts, utilization of the store’s seating capacity, which as mentioned is a function of sales, will likely increase. How to cite Improving the Sales of a Retail Store, Papers

Understanding Leadership and Ways to Develop Leadership †Sample

Question: Using relevant theories and models critically evaluate and analyse the leadership of a 21st century business leader. If you were in the position of the leader, what could you do to be a better leader and make a stronger impact on the followers and on situation/s? Answer: 1. Introduction Yukl (2012) opined that leadership is the process of social influence exerted by an individual to guide and provide support to a common mass. The organizational leaders should have definite leadership style in order to guide the activities of the employees of the organization. The assignment here deals with the evaluation of the leadership styles, behavior, attitudes and power used by the leader of the selected retail organization of Australia namely Harvey Norman. The assignment further evaluates the type of alternative leadership skills and styles that can be adopted by Harvey Norman CEO in future for the purpose of effective management of the organization. 2. Analysis of the organization Harvey Norman founded in 1982, is one of the large Australian based retailer dealing in bedding products, consumer electronics, furniture and entertainment products. The company has four more subsidiaries namely the Domayne, Space furniture, Ariston appliances and Joyce Mayne. The company has integrated its product line in the subsidiaries in order to ensure marketing of specialized products and also to decrease the work burden of the employees in a single store (Harveynorman.com.au,2015). The CEO of Harvey Norman adopts a 6 elements business model for satisfying of the following strategies namely production of large and diversified product range, competitive and penetration pricing strategy, management of people, selling through ownership and franchise system, social appearances for advertising and promotions and property investment and development (Harveynorman.com.au,2015). 3. Description of the leader The organization was co founded by two upcoming entrepreneurs namely Gerry Harvey and Ian Norman. Gerry Harvey is presently the CEO of Harvey Norman group of retail chains. Initially starting his career as a sales man, Gerry decided to open a retail store in partnership and thereby expanded the same to around 42 stores at present. Johnson et al. (1964) opined that the major reason behind the success of Gerry in expanding the business line lies in his hands on approach. Gerry is seen to appear as a spokesperson in every public announcements to discussion about the economic and business strategies of this company. This has helped him to relate to the common mass and create a positive image in the mind of the mass customers. However the reports as per the Business Review Weekly about the CEOs personal life reveals that he is not interested in any kind of charities and stays aloof from the society meetings. This may show that Gerry adopts and introvert attitude in social context (Leroy et al. 2012). The following leadership principles are noted within the Harvey Norman organization: To make self evaluation and evaluation of business before starting of the business To motivate co workers to be highly productive To integrate best business strategies within the organization To continue formulating new ways to conduct business and motivate employees (Buchanan, 2013). 4. Analysis of the situations In the present scenario with the advent of global retailers like Wal-Mart and Home Depot dealing in the same product line, Harvey Norman may face low turnover rate. Global operations require the organizations to make effective links with external suppliers, associates, and internal employees (Caldwell, 2012). Hence to establish this effectively the organizations require a mentor as a leader. The autocratic Style adopted by Harvey Norman CEO Gerry will restrain the expansion plan of the company. The company in this respect requires a coach or mentor who will guide them rather than instructing them on job specifications. Moreover the increase use of online retailing is threatening the job position of employees of the retail sector (Wirba, 2012). However in case of Gerry it is seen that the leader is in denial about the rise of online retailing is not switching over to the same. 5. Evaluation of the leader Gerry Harvey the CEO of Harvey Norman is the key figure to success of the Harvey Norman operations. An effective analysis of the management roles and leadership styles adopted by him will show the reason behind the success. Management roles: According to Buchanan (2013) three types of management roles may be adopted by an organizational leader namely interpersonal role, informational role and decisional role. Gerry plays the three management roles successfully. His interpersonal role is ascertained from the initiative taken by him in travelling throughout Harvey Norman business and engaging with the employees. He adopts the role of a figure head which enables him to gain support of the employees in business change management. Information dissemination is a part of Gerrys informational role. The effective implementation of the decisional role of Gerry is seen in the introduction of the franchise system and incentive system. Personal skills: Boone and Makhani (2012) opined that for a leader to become successful the following personal skills or attitudes should be present within the individual namely people skills, visionary skills, adaptability skills and ethical skills. 1. People skills: According to Caldwell (2012) the ability of the leader to be empathetic and sensitive to the needs of the team members is an effective way to show good people skills. In order to be publicly acceptable figure a leader needs to have good verbal and non verbal communication strategies like positive body language, making eye contact, making appropriate gestures and open communication. Media interaction and public appearances of Gerry suggests the effective use of the people skills in managing of economic, political matters and also managing the shareholders and customers. 2. Visionary Skills: The major quality of a true visionary leader includes openness to new creative ideas, participation of the team members in decision-making process, imagination, persistence and conviction (Forman and Ross, 2013).However in case of Gerry the skill is not seen. The lack of implementation of the online retailing services shows that the leader is nor foresighted and is conservative in nature. 3. Adaptability skills: With the rapid changes in the world economy and business sector it is utmost important for a leader to possess flexibility and adaptability skills. The expansion and existence of a business depends upon the flexible decisions of a leader (Wirba, 2012).For instance CEO of Face book Mark Zuckerbergs acquiring of Watsapp showed his flexibility with the changes in the emerging social media apps trend. However the lack of adaptability is seen in case of Gerry making the company lose market share to the global competitors. 4. Ethical skills: Leaders are responsible for cultivating culture within the organization hence implementing ethical process for performing of tasks is necessary to make a congenial working environment (Forman and Ross, 2013). Gerry adopted a low profile strategy to keep ethical considerations within the organization. The CEO of Harvey Norman generally has a very low salary compared to other Australian executives which denotes that the CEO is performing the operations in an ethical manner. Leadership style: The adoption of the correct leadership style formulates the effective management of stakeholders as well as achievement of the long term objectives (_).The following are the basic leadership styles generally seen within different organizations. 1. Autocratic leadership style: The classical and the oldest form of leadership style is the autocratic style which gives the leader the power to dominate the team members and suppress the decisions of the team members (Gosling et al. 2012).Although not followed presently however the instance of autocratic style was seen in the commando generals of early times. Adolf Hitler, the greatest German commander possessed and implemented this style which brought about his fall. Abrell et al. (2011) opined that adoption of this style within an organizational context may lead to high employs turnover and absenteeism and low morale of the employees. 2. Bureaucratic leadership style: This is one of the most prevalent leadership styles in where the leader follows the guidelines and rules of the organization. The leaders with this style have no decision power and merely act as a source of rules delivery. Paul Teutul of Orange County Choppers who produces bikes and bike parts adopts this style within their organization. Penney (2011) opined that this type of style is effective in companies where the employees are performing the routine tasks regularly. However in organizations like media house, retail sectors where change is necessary this style is not effective. 3. Participative Leadership style: The participative leadership style commonly known as democratic leadership style is the most preferable leadership style within an organization (Tebeian, 2012). A leader adopting this style encourages the staffs to be a part of all kind of organizational decisions. This creates a sense of connectivity within the employees. A striking example of participative leadership is seen in Carlos Ghosn, the former CEO of Renault and the present CEO of Nissan Japan. The CEO is seen to provide various challenges to the employees to make them perform better and also make them realize about their capabilities. The use of this leadership style reduces the burden of the leader and also reduces the risks of the leader. 4. Laissez Faire leadership style: This is a unique leadership style generally used by small scale organizations who appoint in experienced leaders. This is a hand off style where the leader gives no advice or direction in relation to the organizational activities to the team workers. These types of leaders are more focused on the fulfillment of the individual goals instated of concentrating on the organizational goals.Hargis et al. (2011) opined that the use of this style will be successful only in case of organizations where the staffs are highly skilled, trained and experienced. Analysis of the leadership style adopted by Gerry Harvey it may be seen that the success of the company majorly depends upon his interactive and interpersonal nature. The CEO leads a simple life with no high salary or well furnished office. However the leader pays personal visits to the business houses and the retail stores to check the operations and the satisfaction levels of the employees. The use of high people skills and entrepreneur leadership style has helped Gerry to succeed in expanding the retail operations (Penney, 2011). However the lack of situational and adaptable leadership style within Harvey Norman will result in the future threatening situations for the company. Harvey Norman is still focusing on the franchise system of opening stores rather than focusing on online retailing. Gerry adopts a traditional and old fashioned leadership style of being bureaucratic in his operations. Hence he is overlooking the changes in the global retail sector. Organizational structure and leadership style: The implementation of the leadership style depends upon the appropriate organizational structure (Wirba, 2012). The adoption of hierarchical organizational structure reduces the pressure on the employees and ensures chain of command. CEO of Harvey Norman follows the hierarchical structure thereby making division of labor. The accountability and authority rests with the CEO and the co founder followed by a downward chain of command. Tebeian (2012) opined that this leadership style and organizational structure reduces the chance of mistakes within the organization. However the freedom of opinion or creativity is endangered in this kind of structure. Power of influence: Anderson (2012) opined that leaders should use effective power to influence the decisions of the employees and the co workers. The power of influence is concerned in two ways namely the negotiating power and the bargaining power. The negotiating power enables the leader to reach an agreement on mutually accepted terms in order to fulfill the needs of the employees. On the contrary bargaining power is the ability of the leader to exert influence in order to acquire a situation in their favor. Gerry makes use of the bargaining power within the lower levels of the organization. The CEO in this respect adopts the quick win philosophy that will enable him to resolve turmoil between the lower level workers and will not hamper the growth process of the company. However the use of the bargaining power creates a autocratic style within the organization and exerting of pressure may result in reduction of employee participation (Wirba, 2012). 6. Analysis of alternative recommendations for leadership styles The analysis of the leadership style followed within the Harvey Norman shows that although the adoption of the bureaucratic style has been a success for the company however after the death of Gerry Harvey the management of the organization will get hampered. Hence the following styles and skills may be adopted within the organization to make it adaptable to the changing market scenarios. Adoption of participative style: The adoption of participative style will help Harvey Norman to make easier decisions (Buchanan, 2013). With the change in technology and market structure the company should concentrate on taking the views of all employees within the organization. The proposals of the employees will help Gerry to introduce new product lines, promote the products more aggressively and retain the market share from the competitors. Situational leadership strategies: Forman and Ross (2013) opined that adoption of situational leadership strategies helps the organizations to adapt to the changing situations. Gerry Harvey had founded the retail chain long back and hence he has adopted the traditional strategies to look over the operations of the company. However with the emergence of the global retail chains like Tesco, Walmart, Sainsbury and Asda the market competition for innovation is increasing. Companies like Wal-Mart and Tesco are providing easy online retailing options. Adoption of negotiation power: Gerry as a successful leader should adopt the tactics of good negotiation power rather than relying on bargaining power (Caldwell, 2012). The use of the negotiation power will help the leader to achieve the loyalty of the employees and also achieve the organizational objective without making any compromises. Additional skills: The leader of Harvey Norman should also possess the following skills namely skill of strategic thinking, skill of self management, complex problem solving ability, flexibility and adaptability and team coordination (Caldwell, 2012). It is seen that Gerry depends upon his secretary for all computer works since he is not self trained in this matter. Hence to be an effective guide he should first incorporate self management skills within him. Structural changes: The organizational structure followed by Harvey Norman is divisional structure however the company should think of adopting strategic alliances, outsourcing and flat organizational structures. The adoption of outsourcing will help to reduce the costs of the company (Boone and Makhani, 2012). Moreover the implementation of flat organizational structure will help the company to widen the span of control and cut the costs and make the organizational structure more flexible and adaptable. 7. Conclusion The assignment focuses on the different leadership styles of 21st century. With the advent of technology and emerging competition from various strategies adopted by the organizations it requires the organizational leaders to be adaptable, flexible and participative. The assignment highlights the skills that will be helpful of the largest retail chain of Australia Harvey Norman to succeed in the long run. Apart from the recommended styles the leader of Harvey Norman should also undertake the responsibilities towards the shareholders in reconciling their interests. The management of the company should also adopt the classical management style of planning, organizing and controlling of the activities so that the leadership styles can be implemented successfully. Reference list Books Buchanan, M. (2013).Leadership and religious schools. New York: Bloomsbury Academic. Forman, J. and Ross, L. (2013).Integral leadership. Albany: State University of New York Press. Gosling, J., Sutherland, I., Jones, S. and Dijkstra, J. (2012).Key concepts in leadership. Los Angeles: SAGE. Wirba, A. (2012).Leadership Styles. Saarbrucken: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. Journals Abrell, C, Rowold, J, Weibler, J and Moenninghoff, M (2011) Evaluation of a long term transformational leadership development program, Zeitschrift fr Personalforschung,25 (3), pp. 205-224. Anderson, D. (2012) Is building relationships the key to leadership?,Performance Improvement,51(2), pp. 15-21. Boone, L. W. and Makhani, S. (2012) Five necessary attitude of a servant leader, Review of Business, 33(1), pp.83-96. Caldwell, R. (2012) Leadership and learning: a critical reexamination of Senge's learning organization, System Practice and Action Research, 25(1), pp. 39-55. Hargis, M. B., Watt, J. D. Piotrowski, C. (2011) Developing leaders: examining the role of transactional and transformational leadership across contexts business, Organisation Development Journal, 29 (3), pp. 51-66. Johnson, R. A., Fremont, E. K. and Rosenzweig, J. E. (1964) Systems Theory And Management, Management Science,10(2), p. 367-384. Leroy, H, Palansky, M. E. and Simons, T. (2012) Authentic leadership and behavioural integrity as drivers of follower commitment and performance, Journal of Business Ethics,107(3), pp. 225-264. Penney, S. H. (2011) Voice of the future: leadership for the 21st century, Journal of Leadership Studies, 5(3), pp. 55-62. Tebeian, A. E. (2012) The impact of motivation through leadership on group performance, Review of International Comparative Management, 13(2), pp. 313-324. Yukl, G. (2012) Effective leadership behaviour: what we know and what questions need more attention, Academy of Management Perspectives, 26(4), pp. 66-85.

The Illogical Arguments of the Communist Manifesto Essays

The Illogical Arguments of the Communist Manifesto The Illogical Arguments of the Communist Manifesto The Communist Manifesto (CM), penned by political theorists and philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1848, is recognized to be one of the most influential documents in the world. The manuscript contains much of its writers own theories on the natural social order, focusing on the idea that a capitalist society would eventually give way to socialism and inevitably communism. While the main goal of the text was to inform the public about the supposedly inevitable arrival of communism and the potential of such a political society, it rather interestingly focuses on the shortcomings of capitalism and how its development into communism is an inevitable class struggle. The rhetoric of the CM was carefully written by Marx and Engels in order for its ideas to sound convincing and logical. However, upon careful analysis, many the arguments made by these two were logically flawed. There are a number of incidents within the CM in which Marx and Engels are at fault for countless types of logical errors, such as contradictions, illogical flow, immature and nonsensical claims, ignoring counterarguments, and cutting explanations short. Specifically, this paper addresses the flaws in the logic of Marxs and Engels arguments concerning their classification of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, as well as the flaws apparent in their discussion of wage theory and class antagonism within and among nations. These illogical fallacies throughout the Communist Manifesto undermine the credibility of Marxs and Engels arguments, showing that their theoretical notions and analyses of capitalisms demise and communisms triumphs are susceptible to a high degree of disbelief and thus fatally flawed. With this realization in mind, a reading of the CM would reveal the immaturity and naivety in the early conceptions of Marxism and communism that is apparent beneath the dramatic rhetoric. The logic in Marxs and Engels classification of the bourgeoisie is filled with contradictions and illogical flow, detracting away from their intent to explain the modern bourgeoisie and their inevitable downfall. The authors begin the CM with the line The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles(CM), further stating that the triumphant winner of most recent struggle, the modern bourgeoisie, would just be part of the cyclical nature of this struggle, from Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian oppressor and oppressed (CM). Yet they go on to say that this modern bourgeoisie is unlike anything that has existed before. The authors attempt to address this contradiction by explaining that In these crises, there breaks out an epidemic that, in all earlier epochs, would have seemed an absurdity the epidemic of over-production. Society suddenly finds itself put back into a state of momentary barbarism due to too much means of subsistence, too much industry , too much commerce (CM). While the claim about the unprecedented over-production exploiting the proletariats may be valid, it also go on to say that this state causes the bourgeoisies relations of property [to] became no longer compatible with the already developed productive forces (CM). This is the reason that the authors give for explaining the inevitable fall of capitalism, that the weapons with which the bourgeoisie felled feudalism to the ground are now turned against the bourgeoisie itself (CM). In an attempt to overcome this incompatibility, the bourgeoisie [enforces] destruction of a mass of productive forces and by the conquest of new markets and by a more thorough exploitation of the old ones (CM). This explanation for the bourgeoisies attempt to fix its dilemma has nothing to do with its inevitable demise due to some sort of incompatibility between them and the proletariats. This illogical flow causes confusion as to what is the source of the fated fall of the capitalis ts, a point which by itself the authors were keen to stress. It would be difficult to understand what Marx and Engels were attempting to explain about the bourgeoisie if their reasoning is not logical. The fact that true communism never existed may be a result of the authors failure in proposing a solid and logical classification of the bourgeoisie. The confusion as to the legitimacy of the claim of the fated collapse of the bourgeoisie

Spanish Verbs of Happening

Spanish Verbs of Happening Spanish has at least three verbs that can mean to happen, and all three of them - pasar, ocurrir and suceder - are fairly common. Although pasar is the most common and can be used in both formal and informal contexts, many times the three verbs are interchangeable. Pasar Uses and Examples As indicated in the lesson on pasar, pasar has a variety of meanings, including to pass in various senses. Here are some examples of where it can be translated as to happen:  ¿Quà © ha pasado con el robo de datos en PlayStation Network? What has happened with the data theft on the PlayStation network?Lo que pasà ³, pasà ³. What happened, happened.Yo no sà © lo que me pasà ³. I dont know what happened to me.Tememos lo que pasar a nuestro alrededor. We fear what will be happening to our vicinity.Es el lugar donde nunca pasa en tiempo. Its the place where nothing happens on time. OcurrirUses and Examples Ocurrir is a cognate of the English to occur and has much the same meaning, although the synonym to happen is a more common translation. Some examples: Esto nunca ocurrir. This will never happen.Espero que ocurra lo que les dice el horà ³scopo de hoy. I hope what todays horoscope is telling you happens. ¿Quà © ocurrià ³ en el accidente del Challenger? What happened in the Challenger accident?Lo mejor que puede ocurrir es que tengo mi dà ­a en corte. The best that can happen is that I have my day in court.Me ocurrià ³ un problema similar. A similar problem happened to me. SucederUses and Examples Suceder also is often used to mean to happen. Note that while suceder is related to the English verb to succeed, it never has the meaning of to have success, although it can mean succeed in the sense of to take the place of as in suceder al trono, to succeed to the throne. Here are some examples of where it means happen: It Happened One Night es conocida en castellano como Sucedià ³ una noche. It Happened One Night is known in Spanish as Sucedià ³ una noche.No debo pensar que a mi nunca me suceder algo malo. I shouldnt think that nothing bad will ever happen to me.Hay diez cosas que seguro que nos sucedieron a todos. There are 10 things Im sure have happened to all of us. ¿Quà © sucede con Fernando? Whats happening with Fernando?En el camino de la vida, muchas cosas suceden. On the road of life, many things happen. Etymology Pasar comes from the Latin verb passare, to pass. Occurir is from the Latin occurrere, to occur. In addition to the meaning of to happen, in the reflexive form ocurrirse can, like occur, also mean to bring to mind: Nunca se me ocurrià ³ que iba a ser actor. It never occurred to me that I was going to become an actor. Suceder comes from the Latin succedere, to follow or to take the place of. Suceder has come to mean to happen in the same way that English speakers give the same meaning to to take place. The shift in English of succeed to mean having success occurred after the verbs meaning was established in Spanish.

How to invest in your career when your company doesnt

How to invest in your career when your company doesnt There’s a stark truth that many of us must face in today’s work world- when it comes to our personal career development, it isn’t uncommon these days to have to carry this weight on our own. That’s right, the days in which the companies we work for look out for all of our needs and interest, and take responsibility and a hands-on approach to our career trajectories, growth, and development, are dwindling, if not yet gone. These days, many companies are operating with a much more â€Å"lean and mean† mindset, with stripped down budgets and less of a caretaker-trainer approach to their employees- it often seems as if just having a job is the only perk we should expect. What does this mean for us? If we’re focused on a career trajectory that includes significant growth and development, we may just be on our own.This isn’t a hopeless position- it just means that many of us need to work harder and be more proactive when it comes to fulfilli ng our professional goals. Harvard Business Review recently published an article that outlines how each of us can take steps toward taking control of our career development, even if the companies we work for don’t care about it. Use the following strategies and advice to assume command of your career growth and take bold steps forward!Chart your target career path.In order to plan for career success and achieve your professional goals, you first need to know what they are, which will help determine what steps you’ll need to take and the skills you’ll need to acquire along the way. Try charting out the next 5 to 10 years of your career journey, starting from where you are now and finishing at where you’d ultimately like to be if the stars align and everything works out as planned. Make sure to list each promotion or assumption of new job responsibilities individually, and for each do your best to include the skills or development you’ll need under y our belt.If feasible, ask for help from a mentor or colleague to help flesh out your list. Also, be sure to use available online research tools as needed to figure things out. Once you have things mapped out, you’ll have a good idea of what you’ll need to do over the next several years to achieve your goals- whether it’s with the help of your company or on your own.Set target milestones.Equipped with your list from the previous step, set milestones for yourself to ensure that you stay on track. Does your list indicate a possible promotion a year from now? Take stock of the skills you’ll need to build right now in order to set yourself up to make that promotion a reality, and use the next 12 months to figure out the best way to acquire them. Do you have a plan that includes asking for greater responsibility at work? Think about what you’ll need in order to convince your boss that it’s a great idea- and plan accordingly.Bottom line- always thi nk ahead about the several smaller steps you’ll need to take in order to make those larger goal steps more likely to happen. Also, know that it’s key to always be flexible with adjusting your timelines to align with reality. Just because you don’t hit a target in the timeframe originally planned, that doesn’t mean all is lost- just recalibrate your goal list with an updated timeline, and keep working to hit your next milestone.Determine your resources and needs.Once you know what you’ll need to do in order to achieve the next step on your target list, take stock of the resources you have at your disposal, as well as your needs. Does your employer offer any options for career development? Anything from mentoring opportunities to shadowing or tuition reimbursement programs can help you develop the skills and experience needed to reach the next rung on your career ladder.If there are tools you can leverage at work, then great- make sure to take full a dvantage of them. If not, that’s okay- you’ll just need to do a bit more on your own. Figure out your skill-building needs, and take an inventory of available resources outside of your work orbit. Everything from free online classes and learning tools to library resources and coursework at online or brick-and-mortar institutions in your field are fair game, and should be considered in order to help you move forward in your career journey.Take a closer look at your networking orbit- including friends, family, and past and current colleagues, and see if you can leverage any existing relationships to your advantage. Focus on your immediate next step, do your homework, plan smartly, and take positive, productive, and proactive steps forward to travel your ideal career path.

Bus law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Bus law - Case Study Example The Verbal Negotiations Winston Graham, a partner of antic dealers, went to Daly Car Sales Ltd., a commercial vehicle dealer, to purchase a van after one of their three delivery vans was â€Å"written-off† in an an accident. Graham conveyed that he was in search for a replacement vehicle that can load up to 1 ton and a cubic capacity of 200 feet. He also explained that the vehicle will be maximized for regular delivery of furniture, their business, and that the average journey would involve normally four or fine large items of furniture. Immediately, Alan Daly retorted that there was an available van that will befit Graham needs. He was referring to a White Transit XL which he warrants as a van with capacity to run at a distance of 48,000 miles on the clock and the storage capacity suitable enough for delivery of furniture. ... The asking price was L4,800 (plus VAT) but Winston counter-offered a price of L 4,500 (plus VAT). Mr. Daly finally accepted Winston’s offer and they proceeded in signing the contract of sale, the latter was a standard form contract, the nature of which implied â€Å"take it or leave it† concept. Daly wrote â€Å"White, Transit XL, 48,072 miles† as details of the object of the contract. A week after the delivery of van, the firm’s driver reported a serious oil leak and a technical problem with its clutch. These problems were conveyed to Mr. Daly via telephone who assured Graham that his company would look into the problem if it will be returned to them before the end of the week. Graham failed to follow Daly’s advice following series of delivery schedules. Said van collected five antique desks and other heavy items which reached approximately the weight of 1 ton, just when its brake failed to stop the vehicle at a junction. Luckily, they were able to escape possible accident. But such experience made the driver decide not ever to use the new van for deliveries and collection to evade possible circumstance that an accident could happen anytime van’s defective engine and brake. The firm however used the van for â€Å"light duties† until it finally came to a halt. After thorough mechanical inspection, it was reported that the van necessitate complete replacement of engine and of clutch. Report also bared that the damage is attributable to constant loss of oil. The van’s total repair will cost more than L 1,000. While at this state, Graham discovered that the vehicle has only a cubic capacity of 150 feet and a load of half a ton. The Exclusion Clause The contract of the sale of van had an exclusion clause under Clause

Through Media and Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Through Media and Technology - Essay Example Technology is cold but it is often more efficient than human beings who are more likely to make calculative and academic mistakes or be slowed by human considerations and errors. People are becoming more and more accustomed to getting what they want with a single click. Many experts feel that that elevated exasperation and deteriorated patience are only likely to get worse and separate people even more. The more we favor that perspective the more and more distant from one another people may become. We interact with technology on a regular basis every day. We cannot make a phone call and speak to a person without first speaking to a â€Å"human-sounding† automated system to direct your calls. When we shop at grocery stores several have self-service checkout lanes where a friendly female voice directs you through the process and thanks to you for your patronage. The more commonplace this becomes the more desensitized we become to interacting with technology that sounds, behaves, and functions ever-increasing human ways. Children are being indoctrinated by robotic toys that resemble positive likable things, like dinosaurs and obedient puppies. These pleasing forms only work to make technology more and more appealing. However, they are still machines and are not capable of genuine emotion. It would not take long for humanity to become as empty and superficial as the technology they interact with. Human compassion, sympathy, empathy would likely all fade away in the face of greater efficiency and logic.

Ethical Behavior and Social Responsibility of Organizations Essay Example for Free

Ethical Behavior and Social Responsibility of Organizations Essay Introduction Proper ethical behavior is a significant part of conducting business. Organizations must therefore find ways to incorporate ethical considerations into their strategic plan. Firms need to practice self governance and obey existing laws if they are to ensure their survival and the well-being of the society in which they exist. The decisions made by an organization affect society as a whole. This paper will examine the social responsibilities of organizations to each of their stakeholders. These include: customers, employees, shareholders, suppliers, the local government and the environment. Each section of this report is supplemented with a case study illustrating the consequences of unethical behavior in business. Defining Ethics Ethics is a ubiquitous term that is subject to personal interpretation. Individuals and groups are guided by moral principles or values. Their beliefs help them to set standards for deciphering right from wrong (Little, 2011). Ethical values are dynamic and are therefore subject to renegotiation and change. These changes are often influenced by periodic and contextual circumstances. As ethical beliefs differ from person to person, it may not be entirely possible to instill a universal set of values. Also, many individuals have different points of reference when determining what is right and what is wrong (Little, 2011). Domestically, ethical values tend to be closely aligned. Individuals who have been socialized in a particular region are more likely to have similar values, laws, religion, knowledge and culture. With the emergence of free-trade agreements, many firms have the opportunity to conduct international business. Although these organizations are usually successful in aligning their economic interests, many have failed to recognize or understand the cultural norms, laws and ethical practices of the country they are conducting business with. Defining Social Responsibility An organization’s approach to social responsibility can impact its image and reputation. Depending on how an organization addresses this aspect of business, ethics can either be a strength or a weakness. Social responsibility can be divided into three categories: obligatory, reactive or responsive behavior (Duening Ivancevisch, 2008). An organization that acts out of social obligation tends to direct its behavior to the legal pursuit of profit (Duening et al., 2008). Socially reactive organizations often adhere to social norms, values and performance expectations (Duening et al., 2008). These organizations must be accountable for the ecological, environmental and social costs incurred by their actions (Duening et al., 2008). Lastly, socially responsive organizations often engage in behavior that exceeds the actions taken by socially obligated and socially reactive organizations. For example, these firms take stands on public issues, account for their actions, anticipate future needs of society, move toward satisfying them, and communicate with the government regarding existing and anticipated socially desirable legislation (Duening et al., 2008). As illustrated above, social responsibility can mean different things to different people. In a broad sense, social responsibility is a compliance to the legal obligations, social norms and ethical standards of society. For the purpose of this paper, I will use the broad sense of the term, unless otherwise specified. Social Responsibility of Organizations to Internal Beneficiaries Social Responsibility to Employees Legally, organizations are responsible for providing their employees with a minimum wage, safe working conditions and the freedom to form a union (Duening et al., 2008). These laws discourage management from creating workplaces that violate employee civil rights (Duening et al., 2008). However, many part-time employers, fast food restaurants and retailers provide only the minimum. Historically, employee benefits emerged out of pressure from employees, unions and the community. Today, most organizations are expected to go beyond the minimum legal requirements by providing their employees with â€Å"fringe benefits†, such as retirement funds, health and accident insurance (Duening et al., 2008). Many socially reactive and socially responsive organizations have extended their benefits to include training, career development, counseling, employee assistance programs, day-care and flex-time policies. As employee family life becomes more complex, organizations must find ways to offer support. Many modern organizations are concerned about employee satisfaction and the benefits associated with it. Employees who are content demonstrate a higher commitment to the organization, which often translates into less absenteeism, higher morale and higher productivity. Overall, the modern worker wants his job to be both meaningful and fulfilling (Duening et al., 2008). Social Irresponsibility to Employees: Wal-Mart Wal-mart is one of the most profitable and efficiently run organizations in the world. In 2005, the corporation grossed two-hundred and forty billion dollars in sales, yet still failed to provide its employees with health care benefits and a livable wage (Greenwald Gilliam, 2005). On numerous occasions, the organization neglected to provide its employees with the basic legal requirements. As a result, Wal-mart is now facing a number of class action law suits. Reports suggest that the organization is also notorious for keeping its stores understaffed. Although overtime is rarely an option, employees are still expected to work off the clock to get the job done (Greenwald et al., 2005). Workers are ordered to complete their tasks and are often told that they can be replaced. Given their unfortunate personal circumstances, many employees put up with this abuse. In terms of employee well-being, a large majority of Walmart’s workers cannot afford the company’s basic medical insurance at just seventy-five dollars per month. (Greenwald et al., 2005). However, Wal-mart encourages its employees to seek out section-8 housing, food stamps and government-provided health insurance. (Greenwald et al., 2005). Evidently, Wal-mart’s everyday low prices are a result of taxpayer subsidies. Nationwide, Wal-mart is costing taxpayers over one and a half billion dollars a year in subsidies for its employees (Greenwald et al., 2005). As a result of these policies, Walmart’s average sales employee is living below the Federal Poverty Line. (Greenwald et al., 2005). In 2001, Barbara Ehrenreich conducted a sociological study to determine whether or not she could survive on a low wage. She found a job at Wal-mart in Minnesota. Her study reaffirmed the poor working conditions that Wal-mart employees often endure. In the following quote Ehrenreich talks about a shirt that she wanted to purchase for work: â€Å"One of the rules is that our shirts have to have collars, so they have to be polos, not tees. Somehow Id missed this during orientation At $7 an hour, a $7 shirt is just not going to make it to my shopping list† (Ehrenreich, 2002, p.88). Given the low wage that she earns, she has difficulty justifying the purchase of a seven dollar work shirt. In the next quote, her co-worker Alyssa finds herself in a more difficult situation: â€Å"Alyssa is another target for my crusade. When she returns to check yet again on that $7 polo, she finds a stain on it. What could she get off for that? I think 10 percent, and if you add in the 10 percent employee discount, wed be down to $5.60. Im trying to negotiate a 20 percent price reduction with the fitting room lady when rotten luck Howard shows up and announces that there are no reductions and no employee discounts on clearanced items. Those are the rules. Alyssa looks crushed, and I tell her, when Howards out of sight, that theres something wrong when youre not paid enough to buy a Wal-Mart shirt, a clearanced Wal-Mart shirt with a stain on it. I hear you, she says, and admits Wal-Mart isnt working for her either, if the goal is to make a living† (Ehrenreich, 2002, p.100). Wal-mart is also notorious for squashing unions. If a branch plans to hold a union vote, the organization will hire new employees to dilute the number of people who are pro union. Moreover, the organization allots each store a seven-thousand dollar anti-union package; a thirty-thousand dollar undercover spy van, access to the organization’s one hundred thousand dollar anti-union hot-line; and the use of its seven-million dollar corporate jet for rapid response (Greenwald et al., 2005). If a branch is successful in a union vote, Wal-mart will not hesitate to close down that particular retail outlet. In summary, with the absence of unions and the current mind-set of management, it is highly unlikely that employee working conditions will improve any time soon. Social Responsibility to Shareholders Organizations have a social responsibility to their shareholders and must provide accurate information for investment decisions. (Duening et al., 2008). As stated by Duening and Ivancevich, â€Å"the ultimate action a stockholder can take is to sell the stock† (2008). It is important that organizational information be transparent and accessible. Also, organizations must be as efficient and effective as possible with the use of their resources. Any process or product feature that does not add value is wasteful and has an adverse effect on the bottom line. Investors of the twenty-first century want instant gratification and are therefore often fixated on short-term earnings. As corporations and their managers face pressure from shareholders to produce appeasing quarterly results, they often fail to think about the long-term well being of the organization, its employees and the environment. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in performance-based bonuses. In many multinational organizations, executives earn exponentially more than their lowest paid employees. As an incentive, executives often receive options for shares in the company. The value of those options is contingent upon the company’s short, medium or long-term performance. In 2010, chief executives at the United States’ five hundred largest firms collectively took home four billion dollars (DeCarlo, 2010). The value realized from exercised stock options accounted for the main component of their pay (DeCarlo, 2010). When managers act in their own self interest, bonus-based compensation schemes can have dire consequences for all parties involved. Social Irresponsibility to Shareholders: Enron In 2001, Enron filed for bankruptcy (Bryce, 2003). At the time, it was the largest bankruptcy in the history of the United States. The management cooked the books and misrepresented their position to shareholders (Little, 2011). Enron used mark-to-market accounting practices to manipulate earnings and to create a mirage of success. On several occasions, company executives lied to investors, overstated earnings and omitted critical information (Bryce, 2003). As a result, stakeholders lost billions of dollars. Also, the employee pension plan contained over two billion dollars in assets with sixty-two percent of the funds invested in Enron stock (Bryce, 2003). Thousands of Enron employees lost a bulk of their life savings. In addition, the California Public Employees Retirement system lost three billion dollars (Bryce, 2003). Many individuals, investment firms and hedge funds lost billions of dollars as well. While thousands of individuals lost large sums of money, Enron executives netted significant returns from their unethical stock manipulation and insider trading. Social Responsibility to the Supply Chain The supply chain is a system of organizations, people, technology, activities, information and resources involved in moving a product or service from the supplier to the consumer (Shafer et al., 2010). Within the chain, an organization can be both a supplier and a customer. Today, many organizations realize the importance of strengthening relationships and working with fewer suppliers. In effect, suppliers and their customers have become interdependent on one another. Traditionally, customers pitted suppliers against each other in hopes of getting the best price. Today, however, many suppliers play a vital role in the operations process. Through vendor-managed inventory systems, organizations have been able to avoid stockouts, thus reducing inventory costs (Shafer et al., 2010). Corporations that rely on sole sourcing have a partner-like relationship with their suppliers. The just-in-time delivery system is based on customers pulling their orders through the supply chain while suppliers ensure the inputs arrive according to schedule. Companies are also responsible for ensuring that their suppliers are treated respectfully and paid on time. In this relationship, both organizations have to turn a profit to ensure their survival. Social Irresponsibility to the Supply Chain: Monsanto Monsanto is an organization that has little regard for the farmers who use its products or the end users that consume them. In 1994, Monsanto introduced Posilac to the American market. Posilac is a bovine growth hormone that was developed to increase milk production. Today, â€Å"the United States is the only developed nation that permits humans to drink milk from cows that have been given artificial growth hormone† (Laskawy, 2010, para 3). This product was banned in twenty-seven countries including Canada and the European Union (Achbar et al.,2004). Moreover, Posilac was tested for only ninety days to assess for human toxicity (Achbar et al., 2004). There is widespread concern regarding the long-term effects of this product on the well-being of humans and animals. Despite these concerns, this product was approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Either Monsanto misreported its findings or the Food and Drug Administration did not look at them. Health Canada research showed that bovine growth hormone could be absorbed by the human body with the possibility of a link to cancer (Achbar et al.,2004). In addition to being harmful, Posilac is of little value to farmers and end users. Prior to Posilac’s release, there was an abundance of milk in the marketplace and farmers were told to produce less of it (Achbar et al.,2004) Monsanto is an organization that supplies harmful products and expects farmers to distribute them to the general population. This organization is responsible for the premature release of bio-engineered foods in the marketplace. The long-term effects of genetically-modified food are still unknown. However, Monsanto requires a high level of coordination to get its products to market. The firm often requires help from politicians, professors, scientists, experts, the general public, reporters, and the Food and Drug Administration (Achbar et al.,2004). Monsanto also engineers terminator seeds. These are seeds that terminate themselves through a suicide gene (Achbar et al.,2004). Since terminator seeds are only good for one season, Monsanto has lowered the intrinsic value of them. In nature, seeds are meant to be replanted annually. However, this product goes against evolution and human well-being. There are billions of people around the world who are starving to death and farmers have been denied the opportunity to replant their seeds on an annual basis.This product is immoral to its customers, the end users, and humanity as a whole. Nonetheless, Monsanto still expects its customers to distribute these products to the end users. Social Responsibility to Customers Value is defined as any action or process that a customer is willing to pay for (Shafer Meredith, 2010). To eliminate unnecessary waste, organizations should always be mindful of customer needs. Processes that drive up costs but do not increase the overall value of a product are wasteful. Firms should strive to reduce overproduction, inventory costs, unnecessary processing, wait times, transportation costs, and unnecessary human motions while minimizing the number of defects (Shafer et al., 2010). Competitive organizations continue to improve the quality and durability of their products (Shafer et al., 2010). However, if an organization fails to use its resources efficiently and effectively, it will likely be punished in the marketplace. A consumer has the ultimate decision on whether or not they will purchase a particular product. Therefore, companies should be adequately prepared to address consumer concerns and after-service needs, should they arise. Also, consumer goods should not do any biological or psychological harm to their customers. Products that have the potential to do harm to others should be put through rigorous testing to ensure they are safe for human use and consumption. Social Irresponsibility to Customers: Aguas del Tunari For twenty years, the World Bank has been working alongside successive governments toward independent development in Bolivia. The World Bank believes that a high proportion of leaders in developing nations are susceptible to corruption, including those in Bolivia. As a result, the organization has played a significant role in assisting the Bolivian government with privatization of its state-owned enterprises. In 2000, Aguas del Tunari corporation signed a forty-year contract with the Bolivian government to provide water to impoverished citizens in Cochabamba City, Bolivia. Aguas del Tunari was guaranteed a minimum annual return of fifteen percent on their two-and-a-half billion dollar investment (Salina Starr, 2008). As part of the deal, Aguas del Tunari Corporation agreed to repay thirty million dollars of debt accumulated by the state utility company (Salina et al., 2008). In an effort to pay off the debt, Aguas del Tunari corporation increased water rates to twenty dollars per month a thirty-five percent increase (Achbar, Abbott, Bakan Simpson, ,2004). However, the company failed to consider the fact that many of its new clients were surviving on only two dollars a day (Achbar et al., 2004). This meant that the cost of water would account for roughly twenty-five percent of their daily income (Achbar et al., 2004). To make matters worse, the government had privatized rain water, making it illegal to collect the rainfall (Achbar et al.,2004). When the newly-owned utility company shut off the water supply to non-paying customers, violent protests erupted across all classes of society. Ninety-six percent of citizens demanded that the contract with Aguas del Tunari be terminated (Salina Starr, 2008) . The government of Bolivia refused and told its citizens that there was nothing to negotiate. Protests spread to other major cities in Bolivia, eventually causing a ripple effect that would put the country into a state of emergency. To remedy this problem, the Bolivian government kicked Aguas del Tunari out of the country and resumed its role as the nation’s utility operator. In this unique case, it is difficult to conceptualize water as a commodity. Water is essential for survival and is seen as a birth right. Many would argue that the local government is responsible for regulating the cost of water and ensuring that it is affordable for all citizens. Since water surrounds us and falls naturally from the sky, it is difficult for a corporation to add value to it. Privatization of rain water is an extreme concept and certainly crosses some ethical boundaries. Social Responsibility of Corporations to External Beneficiaries Social Responsibility to Local Governments Elected officials have a social responsibility to the people whom they represent. Although corporations cannot directly cast a vote, they can leverage their power by donating large sums of money to political campaigns. In return, they often expect regulatory favors, exceptions, and preferential treatment. Corporations must however respect the local government and prohibit themselves from lobbying, bribing or manipulating local officials for the financial benefit of the organization. Although firms should not tempt government officials, politicians should also avoid situations where they may become vulnerable. As governments and organizations continue to work closely to achieve their objectives, they must ensure they maintain their ethical boundaries. When corporations gain power, the relative authority of local government diminishes and their authoritative power is often confined to their given jurisdiction. As organizations continue to grow, it is becoming increasingly difficult for them to be audited by local governments and regulatory bodies. For this reason, governments should consider implementing more rules and tougher sanctions to prevent legal and ethical misconduct. As history has shown, corporations are not always capable of self- governance. Social Irresponsibility to Local Governments: Long-Term Capital Management Deregulation of public enterprises and new business practices may not always be in the best interest of the general public. In 2000, the Clinton administration passed a bill that would deregulate the derivatives market and establish legal certainty for bankers (Lowenstein, 2002). The three major classes of derivatives are: futures, options and swaps. In detail, the derivatives market is not well understood by policy makers. There have been numerous cases of corporate fraud, financial mismanagement and unnecessary risk. Moreover, taxpayers have fronted billions of dollars to bail out financial institutions. In 2008, the value of the overall derivatives market was an astonishing six-hundred and sixty-eight trillion dollars (Sheridan, 2008). In 1994, Long-term Capital Management took the financial world by storm. This hedge fund was established by two proven Wall Street traders and two Nobel Laureates (Lowenstein, 2002). The fund started with four billion dollars in capital from its investors. The firm enjoyed four straight years of prosperity without a single monthly loss to be reported on their balance sheet. LTCM was thought to be the perfect hedge fund. It simply could not lose. LTCM leveraged its balance sheet trading by 30 to 1, while leveraging its off balance sheet trading by 250 to 1 (Lowenstein, 2002). At one point, the company had in excess of one trillion dollars in derivatives exposure (Lowenstein, 2002). In a short period of time, LTCM had lost nearly everything and turned to banks and the federal reserve for a bailout. At the time, this was the largest bailout ever. In Wall Street’s eyes, LTCM was simply too big to fail. It was thought that its demise would have had dire consequences for the entire economy. Since then, bigger investment firms have failed, bigger bailouts have been distributed and derivatives are still being heavily traded. It appears Wall Street still has a lesson to learn. It was the government’s deregulation of derivatives that allowed LTCM and other investment firms to behave unethically and do as they pleased. As a regulatory body, the Federal Reserve sent out the wrong message by bailing out LTCM. Condoning the behavior of this hedge fund created an environment that would encourage other financial institutions to take the same risks. Social Responsibility to the Environment and Future Generations Today, consumers and citizens increasingly expect more from organizations. Traditionally, firms externalized their costs while internalizing their profits. Today, however, many corporations are becoming ethically conscious and are working toward minimizing their carbon footprint. They have started to use mechanisms known as stakeholder management devices to respond to stakeholder claims (Duening et al., 2008). Progressive organizations have started working toward sustainable development to help create a world that is suitable for future generations. Many firms are also taking an interest in social issues. Some have started practicing corporate philanthropy. These positive efforts enhance a corporation’s good will and improves its overall image. This often translates into more sales and higher profit margins. Organizations that fail to take responsibility for their actions are often looked down upon. For example, an organization that shows complete disregard for the environment will likely tarnish their image and build up ill will. In effect, companies that act out of social obligation are viewed less positively than those that are socially responsive. Social Responsibility to the Environment and Future Generations: Tokyo Electric Power Company In March of 2011, the Japanese coast was rattled by a forceful 9.0 earthquake and a gigantic tsunami. The Fukushima Dai-chi and Fukushima Dai-ni power plants sustained critical damage (TEPCO to Compensate Nuclear Plant Victims, 2011). Both of these power plants are privately owned by the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO to Compensate Nuclear Plant Victims, 2011). The nuclear disaster revealed the company’s misplaced confidence and a failure to adequately forecast its worst case scenario. Furthermore, the company chose to disregard Japan’s tsunami history and relevant GPS data. TEPCO engineers did not factor in earthquakes that occurred prior to 1896 (TEPCO Dimissed Important Scientific Evidence in Planning Nuclear Plant’s Defense, 2011). Tsunami modelers at TEPCO factored in an earthquake of 8.6 magnitude in its worst case scenario model (TEPCO Dimissed Important Scientific Evidence in Planning Nuclear Plant’s Defense, 2011). The earthquake that occured on March 11, 2011 was four times more powerful than the maximum presumed (TEPCO Dimissed Important Scientific Evidence in Planning Nuclear Plant’s Defense, 2011). Given Japan’s geographical position and the volatility of nuclear energy, TEPCO should have put more thought into their calculations. After much delay, the Japanese government has ordered TEPCO to pay partial retribution to the citizens affected by this nuclear catastrophe. Beginning on April 28, 2011, TEPCO has started to compensate families in the nominal sum of twelve-thousand dollars for losses attributed to evacuation, having to stay indoors and nuclear contamination (TEPCO to Compensate Nuclear Plant Victims, 2011). These partial retributions are miniscule. Often times it is cheaper for a corporation to hire a good public relations specialist than to rectify the actual problem. This nuclear disaster has crippled local businesses, fishing operations, tourism and the livelihood of citizens. TEPCO’s greed and irresponsibility has cost the citizens of Japan and the nation at large by causing tremendous losses. Moreover, citizens in neighboring countries and the Western part of the United States have grown concerned over their personal well-being. In TEPCO’s case, the local government should have taken extra measures to ensure the facilities were built to withstand an earthquake of great proportion. Local governments are elected and represent the interest of the people. Therefore, it is their responsibility to ensure private organizations behave ethically. Companies should be forced to take full accountability for their actions. In regard to privatization of nuclear energy, governments should pressure organizations to strive for seven-sigma quality. As we have witnessed, a defect in nuclear energy can have significant implications for the general population. Conclusion As illustrated in this paper, organizations have a social responsibility to both their internal and external beneficiaries. Firms should always conduct business with integrity and concern for others. Although many organizations may feel pressure to increase their short-term earnings, they must retain their focus and uphold their social responsibilities to their stakeholders. Through long-term objectives, organizations can set standards that will ensure their survival. It’s important to emphasize that the decisions an organization makes will often affect society as a whole. As illustrated in the case studies above, companies that go astray or act in their own self interest can adversely affect the well-being of many stakeholders. However, tougher sanctions and an organizational credo may help give an organization ethical focus. In conclusion, by practicing self-governance and obeying existing laws, corporations will be well on their way to becoming socially responsible and dependable organizations. Works Cited Achbar, M. (Director/Producer), Abbott, J. (Director), Bakan, J. (Writer), Simpson, B. (Producer) (2004). The Corporation (DVD). Canada: Big Picture Media Corporation. Bryce, R (2003). Pipe Dreams Greed, Ego and the Death of Enron. New York, NY: Public Affairs. DeCarlo, S. (2010). What the Boss Makes.Forbes.com.Retrieved on April 18th, 2011 from http://www.forbes.com/2010/04/27/compensation-chief-executive-salary-leadership-boss-10-ceo-compensation-intro.html Duening, T. N., Ivancevisch, J. M. (2006). Managing Organizations Principles Guidelines. Cincinnati, OH: Atomic Dog. Ehrenreich, B. (2002). Nickel and Dimed On Not Getting By in America. New York, NY: Owl Book. Greenwald, R. (Director), Gilliam, J. (Producer) (2005). Walmart: The High Cost of Low Price (DVD). United States: Brave New Films Disinformation Company. Laskawy, T. (2010). Court Rules rBGH-Free Milk Milk is Better Than the Kind Produced With Articifical Hormones. Now What? Retrieved on April 19, 2011 from http://www.grist.org/article/food-2010-10-06-court-rules-on-rbgh-free-milk. Little, C. (2011). Ethics [class lectures]. Texas AM University-Commerce. Spring 2011. Lowenstein, R. (2002). When Genius Failed: The Rise and Fall of Long-term Capital Management. Great Britain: Clays Ltd and St. Ives plc. Salina, I. (Director), Starr, S. (Producer) (2008). Flow: For The Love of Water (DVD). United States: Oscilloscope Laboratories. Shafer, S. Meredith, J. (2010). Operations Management for MBAs, 4th Edition. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Sheridan, B. (2008). 600,000,000,000,000? Newsweek. Retrieved on April 20, 2011 from http://www.newsweek.com/2008/10/17/600-000-000-000-000.html. TEPCO to Compensate Japan’s Nuclear Plant Victims. (2011). BBC News Asia_Pacific. Retrieved on April 17, 2011 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-13090304 TEPCO Dimissed Important Scientific Evidence in Planning Nuclear Plant’s Defense. (2011). Japan Today. Retrieved on April 24, 2011 from http://www.japantoday.com/category/commentary/view/tepco-dismissed-important-scientific-evidence-in-planning-nuclear-plants-defense.

T-Totals Investigation :: Papers

T-Totals Investigation Introduction If you look at the 9x9 grid with the T-shape, you can see that the total of the numbers added together is 37 because it is1+2+3+11+21 which equals 37. This is what we call the T-total (37) And T-number is the number at the bottom of the T-shape which in this case is 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 My tasks The tasks I have been set are: 1) Investigate the relationship between the T-total and the T-number. 2) Use grid of different sizes. Translate the T-shape to different position. Investigate relationships between the T-total, the T-numbers and the grid size. 3) Use grids of different sizes again. Try other transformation and combinations of transformations. Investigate relationship between the T-total, the T-numbers, the grid size and the transformations. Standard T-shapes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

Domestic Violence Act in UK Essay

Domestic can be defined in many ways but the simplest meaning is ‘involving the home or family’ whereas violence means an ‘act of aggression as one against a person who resist’. In addition, violence does not relate to relationship problem or issue but is social context of reflection of a man overruling woman. It happens to all walks of people in life despite of age, sex, race, assets and cartography. Notwithstanding, scoop by both male and female endure hurts during intimate relationship, domestic violence is greatly impact by both gender. Before the existence of the Acts and provision protecting the victim from the abuser many victims had suffer severe injury physically and mentally some had resulted death due to insufficient time to seek for help. Hence, in 1994 the United Kingdom the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service in its ‘Domestic Violence Policy’ applies to domestic vehemence in the limit of violent and abusive attitude. The civil remedies for these offences can be refereed to Domestic Violence and Matrimonial Proceeding Act 19761, Domestic Proceeding and Magistrate Court Act 19782, Part VI of Family Law Act 19963, Protection and Harassment Act 19974. Independent domestic violence counsellors assist victim and their children away from grievous harm from their spouses or family. There are a few organisation and agencies had achieved to get funds to support the victims of Independent Domestic Violence Advisers (DVAs) and Multi- agency Risk Assessment Conferences (MARAC) committee. To keep the interests of children at the centre of this research, the analysis was structured around the categories of rights set out under the United Nations Convention of the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)5 such as protection from abuse, fair treatment without discrimination, help in conquer emotion from abuse, stoppage of violence and involving in arrangement for children’s welfare. As time pass, in year 2004 the legislature had extend and amend the provision in Domestic Violence protection order (DVPO) under the scheme the authorities can allowed the victim to calm down and prevent them from harass of the spouses or family for 28 days as before there had been a lacuna due to the lack of evidence against the accused. The DVPOs were intended to solve implication gap in service by providing the victims shelter and counsel and other aids they need. With the implementation of these Acts the victims are able to receive protection and remedies from the right channel of people. The latest Bills and legislation was the Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) 6Act was present in 2003 and came into force in March 2004. The Act make prohibited to performing FGM in UK, prohibits girls from British national or permanent residence of the UK abroad o perform FGM whether legal or illegal in that country, prohibits aid, abet, counsel or procure the carrying out of FGM abroad and lastly sentence up to 14 years in jail ,or, a fine. According , to Lord Laming’s7 article and Eileen Munro’s analysis of protection against children were both found in spite of the differences8, as insufficient help are given to children who needs the essential care and help9. As children need’s will be ignored when most of the attention were placed on the adults disputes as a results what are the remedies were enforce to solved the children problem which brings great influenced in helping to grow in a positive environment and best method to help both abused children and parent. Protection to victims (married / unmarried) The sections in the Family Law Act 1996 10are made to protect victims and not abused them physically, sexually or psychologically against the victim. In addition, threaten in means of physically or mentally and sexually against the victim are protected under this section. The properties such as the orders dealing with who lives in the home, orders regards to their furniture, and other properties belonging of the victim are been protected from damage by any person and the section also spur on for victim to apply for such order in court for their safety. Non- molestation order In section 42 of the family law Act 1996 prohibits one (respondent) from molesting another person who is associated with the respondent include partners and former partners, family relations (including in-law), people who live(d) together, and, people who have children together. For instances forbids the abuser from threatening physical violence, intimidating, harassing, pestering. There is section requesting immediate protection against a child under s 44 of the Children Act 1989. This act may be made for a period of 6-12 months and an arrest can be made if the abuser breaches the order. The victim can however, a non-molestation order which is made in other family cases is terminated as the effect if those trials are withdrawn or dismissed. Occupation Order In section 33- 41 11governs the domicile of the victim and gives them the home rights such as restrain the rights to occupy or visit, force the abuser to move out of the house, avoid the abuser from coming into the house and a 100 meter protection length from the house. As this section can regulates for 6-12 months depending on the courts order. There is also an emergency order in this section which can apply within the last 1week. Magistrates Interpret Order Strictly and Reluctantly To Apply Ouster Clause In section 18 states the ground for magistrates court to give jurisdiction as according to the Domestic Proceeding and Magistrate Courts Act 197812, neglect or defection to be grounds on which a petitioner for financial provision order may take place. There won’t be any excuse for the judge to give jurisdiction out of the provision stated in the constitution. Appendices Financial Costs of Violence against Women Country or Region Total Cost Estimate Year Type of Violence Type of costs included New South Wales, Australia US $1 billiosn (A$1.5 billion) 1991 Domestic Violence Individual, government, employer and third party: health care, legal, criminal justice, social welfare, employment, childcare and housing. Canada US$2.75 billion (C$4.225 billion) 1995 Physical violence, sexual, rape, incest and child sexual Individual, government and third party: social services, education, criminal justice, labour and work, health and medical. Finland US$53.4 million (FIM296 million) 1998 Female victims of violence who sought help Direct costs incurred by health sector, social sector and criminal justice system. Netherlands US $80 million (NLG165.9 million) 1997 Domestic Violence Police and justice, medical, psychosocial care, labour and social security. New Zealand US$625 million to 2.5 billion (NZ $1.2-$5.3 billion) 1994 Family Violence Individual, government, third party and employer: medical care, social welfare and assistance, legal and criminal justice and employment. Switzerland US $290 million (Sfr.409 million) 1998 Physical and sexual abuse of women and children Police, civil justice, housing, refuge, social services and healthcare. United States US $5.8 billion 2003 Intimate partner violence Medical and mental health care, lost productivity and lost lifetime earnings. Source: UNIFEM (2003) Children and Domestic Violence Finding Source Method In 90% of domestic violence incidents children are present in the same or next room Hughes, 1992 A study of children living in shelters (refuges), USA 75% of mothers reported that that their children had directly witnessed domestic violence, 33% had seen their mothers beaten up and 10% had witnessed sexual violence NCH, 1994 A survey of women distributed via NCH Family Centres, UK In 25% of cases of domestic violence the male perpetrator has also been violent towards the children in the home NCH, 1994 A survey of women distributed via NCH Family Centres, UK 1 in 3 child protection cases also show a history of domestic violence in the home Hester and Pearson, 1998 Hester and Pearson, 1998 UK Data Finding Source Method 59% of young women and 27% of young men have experienced at least one sexually intrusive* incident before the age of 18 Kelly, Regan and Burton, 1991 Survey of 1,244 young people attending Further Education colleges, Britain 21% of young women and 7% of young men have experienced sexual abuse involving physical contact before the age of 18 Kelly, Regan and Burton, 1991 *includes ‘flashing’, being made to look at pornography etc. ** defined as acts ‘to which they had not consented or where â€Å"consensual† activity had occurred with someone 5 years or more older and the child was 12 years or less’. International Data individuals, USA Convicted male sex offenders reported an average of 533 offences and 336 victims each Abel, Mittleman and Becker, 1985 Self-reports of 411 convicted sex offenders, Canada 1 in 2 (49%) adolescent girls had been touched against their will Coker-Appiah & Cusack (1999) Ghana National Study on Violence 1998, survey of 2,069 women and girls suplemented by a five-year review of official records. International Data on Sexual Abuse   NOTE: prevalence and incidence findings vary widely according to the definition of sexual abuse that was applied in each study, the ages at which childhood is deemed to end (14/15/16/17/18), and the data collection methods employed. ï » ¿Domestic Violence Act in UK Essay Domestic can be defined in many ways but the simplest meaning is ‘involving the home or family’ whereas violence means an ‘act of aggression as one against a person who resist’. In addition, violence does not relate to relationship problem or issue but is social context of reflection of a man overruling woman. It happens to all walks of people in life despite of age, sex, race, assets and cartography. Notwithstanding, scoop by both male and female endure hurts during intimate relationship, domestic violence is greatly impact by both gender. Before the existence of the Acts and provision protecting the victim from the abuser many victims had suffer severe injury physically and mentally some had resulted death due to insufficient time to seek for help. Hence, in 1994 the United Kingdom the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service in its ‘Domestic Violence Policy’ applies to domestic vehemence in the limit of violent and abusive attitude. The civil remedies for these offences can be refereed to Domestic Violence and Matrimonial Proceeding Act 19761, Domestic Proceeding and Magistrate Court Act 19782, Part VI of Family Law Act 19963, Protection and Harassment Act 19974. Independent domestic violence counsellors assist victim and their children away from grievous harm from their spouses or family. There are a few organisation and agencies had achieved to get funds to support the victims of Independent Domestic Violence Advisers (DVAs) and Multi- agency Risk Assessment Conferences (MARAC) committee. To keep the interests of children at the centre of this research, the analysis was structured around the categories of rights set out under the United Nations Convention of the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)5 such as protection from abuse, fair treatment without discrimination, help in conquer emotion from abuse, stoppage of violence and involving in arrangement for children’s welfare. As time pass, in year 2004 the legislature had extend and amend the provision in Domestic Violence protection order (DVPO) under the scheme the authorities can allowed the victim to calm down and prevent them from harass of the spouses or family for 28 days as before there had been a lacuna due to the lack of evidence against the accused. The DVPOs were intended to solve implication gap in service by providing the victims shelter and counsel and other aids they need. With the implementation of these Acts the victims are able to receive protection and remedies from the right channel of people. The latest Bills and legislation was the Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) 6Act was present in 2003 and came into force in March 2004. The Act make prohibited to performing FGM in UK, prohibits girls from British national or permanent residence of the UK abroad o perform FGM whether legal or illegal in that country, prohibits aid, abet, counsel or procure the carrying out of FGM abroad and lastly sentence up to 14 years in jail ,or, a fine. According , to Lord Laming’s7 article and Eileen Munro’s analysis of protection against children were both found in spite of the differences8, as insufficient help are given to children who needs the essential care and help9. As children need’s will be ignored when most of the attention were placed on the adults disputes as a results what are the remedies were enforce to solved the children problem which brings great influenced in helping to grow in a positive environment and best method to help both abused children and parent. Protection to victims (married / unmarried) The sections in the Family Law Act 1996 10are made to protect victims and not abused them physically, sexually or psychologically against the victim. In addition, threaten in means of physically or mentally and sexually against the victim are protected under this section. The properties such as the orders dealing with who lives in the home, orders regards to their furniture, and other properties belonging of the victim are been protected from damage by any person and the section also spur on for victim to apply for such order in court for their safety. Non- molestation order In section 42 of the family law Act 1996 prohibits one (respondent) from molesting another person who is associated with the respondent include partners and former partners, family relations (including in-law), people who live(d) together, and, people who have children together. For instances forbids the abuser from threatening physical violence, intimidating, harassing, pestering. There is section requesting immediate protection against a child under s 44 of the Children Act 1989. This act may be made for a period of 6-12 months and an arrest can be made if the abuser breaches the order. The victim can however, a non-molestation order which is made in other family cases is terminated as the effect if those trials are withdrawn or dismissed. Occupation Order In section 33- 41 11governs the domicile of the victim and gives them the home rights such as restrain the rights to occupy or visit, force the abuser to move out of the house, avoid the abuser from coming into the house and a 100 meter protection length from the house. As this section can regulates for 6-12 months depending on the courts order. There is also an emergency order in this section which can apply within the last 1week. Magistrates Interpret Order Strictly and Reluctantly To Apply Ouster Clause In section 18 states the ground for magistrates court to give jurisdiction as according to the Domestic Proceeding and Magistrate Courts Act 197812, neglect or defection to be grounds on which a petitioner for financial provision order may take place. There won’t be any excuse for the judge to give jurisdiction out of the provision stated in the constitution. *includes ‘flashing’, being made to look at pornography etc. ** defined as acts ‘to which they had not consented or where â€Å"consensual† activity had occurred with someone 5 years or more older and the child was 12 years or less’. International Data Convicted male sex offenders reported an average of 533 offences and 336 victims each Abel, Mittleman and Becker, 1985 Self-reports of 411 convicted sex offenders, Canada 1 in 2 (49%) adolescent girls had been touched against their will Coker-Appiah & Cusack (1999) Ghana National Study on Violence 1998, survey of 2,069 women and girls suplemented by a five-year review of official records. International Data on Sexual Abuse NOTE: prevalence and incidence findings vary widely according to the definition of sexual abuse that was applied in each study, the ages at which childhood is deemed to end (14/15/16/17/18), and the data collection methods employed.

Alice Walker’s The Color Purple: Analysis

Alice Walker's The Color Purple From reading the extract from The Color Purple, the reader is shocked almost straight away from how the character/narrator (who in this case is the author Alice Walker) is treated and brought up by her father. The way in which the story is told is in the form of letters and a kind of diary addressed to god as she is told â€Å"You better not tell anybody but god it'll kill your mammy†. The reader can almost sense that this was written and was never expected to be read or seen by anyone else, it feels very personal and private to the young girl just between her and god. The language she uses is appropriate in the way that you can imagine this fourteen year old black girl who is not very well educated, talking and writing this way. Putting her story across in a colloquial manner hammers home in a way the gravity of the young girls plight all the more as it talks to a broad range of readers and is understandable to all. Also the syntax with the short and punchy sentences again hits home and grabs the attention of the reader right away † My mama dead. She die screaming and cussing. She scream at me. She cuss at me. I'm big. I can't move fast enough†. The piece is extremely emotive and graphic with the images it invokes upon the mind of the reader. You can feel the beatings and torment she suffers on an almost daily basis. With this being a true story it feels all the more real to the reader as you can sympathise for this poor girl and the ordeals she is confronted with, it would be hard for a lot of people to empathise with her as it is an extremely harsh and dire time in her life and maybe through this work she has maybe helped people who are in a similar situation, which demonstrates how strong this piece is in creating the character/s. Again you can really feel for her plight throughout the extract it could be argued that writing a personal story is probably easier than that of a work of fiction, as there is no imagination required because the characters and story are already created. This said with the graphic detail in which the author/character/narrator puts her story across it shows a strength and humbles the reader for the way the author has opened herself to the world. This again gives the whole piece a sense of realness, which would be harder to convey if it were a work of purely fiction. The reader feels and cares about the character's well-being right away from the first three or four paragraphs as she endures being raped by her father and the beatings which followed. Alice Walker has created here an extremely emotional piece by the way she has put her own story in to words and by using her own personal experiences of suffering. She has created a very strong character/narrator, so that anyone who reads this piece can visualise and feel as if we the readers are god and she is talking solely to us.

Dissertation Format

Dissertation Format Dissertation writing is an exhaustive academic experience, the successful completion of which demonstrates the candidates ability to address a major intellectual problem and arrive at an independent, successful conclusion at a high level of professional competence. What Is a Dissertation A dissertation  could be thought of as an extremely long essay. However, there are some very key differences both in structure and purpose: A dissertation is normally broken up into chapters. You must identify your own area of interest, define your own questions and explore the subject in depth. You must form your own conclusions and defend them. Experience the process of producing knowledge. Learn how to manage a project from beginning to end. Demonstrate your communication, information-seeking, and intellectual skills. Demonstrate your competency in carrying out an independent research project. DISSERTATION WRITING Dissertation writing is an exhaustive academic experience, the successful completion of which demonstrates the candidates ability to address a major intellectual problem and arrive at an independent, successful conclusion at a high level of professional competence. Its results constitute an original contribution to knowledge in your field of study. Writing a custom dissertation is undertaking a big step towards your future academic career, and each student deciding to take the challenge inevitably faces certain complications on the way. If you feel blocked at the very beginning of the process, stall midway through, or lack compelling material then you have to come to the right place for the most comprehensive dissertation writing service. Dissertation Format When working on your dissertation, ?onsider its main parts which are the following: Abstract This is how your abstract should look like: Problem: What you have detected, and why you think this needs to be solved. Objectives:  What you have set to achieve, and how it pertained to the problem. Methodology: What way you have selected to come to the solution of the problem. Achievements: What points you have reached and in what way it is connected to your objectives. Attestation You need to write a short abstract where you admit that you are aware of what plagiarism is  and that all the work you have done is original, except for (if any) parts taken from (you need to specify the sources). Acknowledgments Here you can thank or mention anyone who has helped you develop your dissertation. You can also acknowledge any source of work that you have used in your dissertation. Table of Contents Writing a concise table of contents is crucial for a good dissertation, as it makes it easier to read. It is a good idea to use some of the text editing software features to help you automatically generate the TOC. List of Figures   It is a good idea to create a list of figures, that you use throughout your dissertation. They will be easier to find. Introduction Work on the introduction of your dissertation. Please consult your professor, as this would be the best way to create a proper introduction part for your dissertation. The Body of the Dissertation (also known as technical chapters) The technical body of the dissertation consists of several chapters. You need to follow a logical structure in how you present your work. If you are working on a process that consists of phases, please do not make your dissertation look like a diary. Each chapter can be subdivided into sections. Each section can consist of subsections if needed. Literature Review The review of literature used in your dissertation. Writing up this chapter will help you show your knowledge of the subject. Conclusion The conclusion of your dissertation should consist of the following subsections: Summary. You need to summarize your achievement within the dissertation. Evaluation.  Take a look at what you have achieved and how well your objectives had been met. Future work. Explain how your results could be improved. Discuss on the further development of your work. References List all the sources used in  your dissertation that you have referenced to. You can use auto-referencing feature of your word processing software. CUSTOM DISSERTATION WRITING We hope this information comes in handy when you start working on your dissertation. In case you need assistance with your dissertation, general pricing plan for dissertation writing is as follows (prices are in US dollars, cost per page): #get_view(blocks/prices2.php)